Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) Attacks

A Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attack is a method in which an attacker secretly intercepts, manipulates, or relays communication between two parties—without their knowledge. The goal is to eavesdrop on sensitive information such as passwords, credit card numbers, or internal communications.

Typical scenarios include:

·        Eavesdropping on unsecured Wi-Fi connections

·        DNS spoofing to redirect users to fake websites

·        HTTPS manipulation using forged certificates

·        Session hijacking by stealing authentication tokens

MitM attacks can occur in both public and corporate environments and pose a serious threat to the confidentiality and integrity of data.

Defending against such attacks requires several measures:

·        Use of encrypted connections (e.g., HTTPS, VPN)

·        Securing Wi-Fi networks (WPA3, strong passwords)

·        Implementing certificate pinning in apps

·        Enforcing HSTS (HTTP Strict Transport Security)

·        User awareness regarding browser security warnings

Since MitM attacks often exploit weaknesses in communication infrastructure, it is critical to address these with appropriate technical safeguards and to regularly check for vulnerabilities. This is the only way to effectively ensure the confidentiality of data in transit.